山雨欲来，内贾德哥大演讲

2007年9月24日（EDT）星期一，吃过早饭，按计划我要去GROCC工作一上午，快到了才发现楼已经封了，因为内同学的演讲就在一旁的Lerner Hall。因为比较早，Broadway还没有封，想起来就到周边转转，亏得我有带相机的习惯，于是沿路拍了一下暴风来临前的种种征兆。媒体就是比较辛苦，比我起得还早，呵呵。后来还看到一个词，professional protest，怎么让我想起了一个叫领掌者的职业，他们也比较辛苦。

上午11点30分，Low Library 前面的Low Plaza，哥大利用这个机会，干脆来举行一个Rally和Public Forom，这也是校方聪明的地方，这种机会总是最生动的课堂。论坛的主题辩论围绕是支持还是反对内贾德来哥大，但是很快就扩展学术自由、历史、人性、人权、女权、核利用等话题。后来一个同学的演讲中说“The poinit is not welcome or unwelcome, the point is giving us an opportunity to speak out”。

Low Plaza介于Low Library和Butler Library之间，四周被新闻学院、Kent和汉密尔顿大楼围合，大概是哥大的民主广场四方地，开学初的百团大战，平时的聚会、约会、开会，这个广场也是佳处。从Alma Mater雕塑可以看到整个广场和Butler Library前面的草坪。我来的时候，已经有很多人在展开小范围的辩论了，公众场合说话大概是意见很“爽”的事情，尤其是今天这么多记者在这里。不过从后面的Forum来看，在一个需要通过竞选和面对听众的讲坛，演讲确实是一种素质和本领。

在Plaza的阶梯一处坐下，惊雷也来了，看眼前的这场辩论。整个活动是Colmbia Coalition Forum举办的，讲坛就在象征哥大精神的Mater雕塑前。主持人稍为介绍了一下Forum的目标和秩序，Global Justice的代表就等不及了。不过太阳确实够晒的。一个戴个小黑皮帽，说自己是“哥大校友、犹太人、人类”，听众对排比的句式一般都比较兴奋，对于台上的热情，嘘声、掌声和抗议都是鼓励。

支持的多为言论自由说，这是大学的精神，也是自由的意志，当然也是所谓培养未来领导的需要，因为他们需要了解真实世界的国家和人。反对多为恶人说，并定义独裁者、反人类，由此批评SIPA的院长在接受Fox采访的时候甚至说可以请希特勒来演讲。而哥大为内敞开大门这是“Shame of the university”。也有个孩子说自己是阿富汗、阿拉伯和伊朗混血，够有代表性的吧，赶上“无知少女”了，内贾德不等同于伊朗，同时反内贾德不够，还要把布什、把战争、把核试验一起反了。

马丁·尼莫拉牧师的这一段话也被引用来，“你要说话”：他们先是来抓共产党，我没有说话，因为我不是共产党。他们接着来抓犹太人，我没有说话，因为我不是犹太人。他们又来抓工会会员，我没有说话，因为我不是工会会员。他们再来抓天主教徒，我没有说话，因为我是新教教徒。他们最后来抓我，这时已经没有人替我说话了。

对于内同学来哥大，老罗评论“让人说话，天不会塌”。不知道Mater同学怎么想，她每天守在那里，看来去的学生如看满天的星星。其实我也感觉这也是有点形式的东西，对于自由和民主的双重标准其实是这个地方或者其他地方的通病。一个两次使用原子弹的国家不允许别人碰原子能，一个在伊拉克投下炸弹的军队在跟世界谈民主，不过他们都以上帝的旨意，假以民主和自由。不过身处漩涡中，冷静的观察，就像看风吹起的内贾德的海报～让人说话，天不会塌。

 

风暴之前，内贾德哥大演讲

这两天的哥大颇不宁静。伊朗总统内贾德要过来，哥大一下子成了风暴中心。内贾德来纽约参加联合国大会，本来想到世贸大厦遗址去参观一下，遭到了米国的断然拒绝，但是哥大还是继续伸出“橄榄枝”，邀请内同学来哥大做一个演讲，并回答同学们的提问。国内的报道有说哥大迫于压力取消内的演讲，其实是哥大顶着压力坚持请内过来。

哥大校长Lee Bollinger在19日的声明中讲“further Columbia’s longstanding tradition of serving as a major forum for robust debate, especially on global issues.”同时也承诺会就否认大屠杀、毁灭以色列、恐怖主义、核问题、妇女权益、同性恋等“sharp challenges”，这点后来证明校长先生没有食言，也没有让媒体失望。而再次强调“invoke a major theme in the development of freedom of speech as a central value in our society”。不过这个承诺的代价大概也会很大吧。

国际和公共事务学院院长 Coatsworth stated “Opportunities to hear, challenge, and learn from controversial speakers of different views are central to the education and training of students for citizenship in a shrinking and still dangerous world. This is especially true for SIPA students, many of whose careers will require them to confront human rights and security issues throughout the globe.”

而公共安全部门则早早贴出通知，一是要凭证件入校；二是关闭一些校门；第三点比较有趣，大意是会有很多人过来集会游行，学校准备了大音箱，是为了鼓励大家说话也让内同学说话，所以其他的同学就请忍着点(ask for your patience)。24日上午收到校长办公室给师生们的信，标题为：“Thoughts on Today's Forum”。哥大对于学术自由信念的秉承和坚持，对持不同政见、意见者的宽容和尊重，以及对于学生理性表达的鼓励和保护，很让人感慨。

 

Dear fellow members of the Columbia community:

 

I would like to share a few thoughts about today’s appearance of President Ahmadinejad at our World Leaders Forum. I know this is a matter of deep concern for many in our University community and beyond. I want to say first and foremost how proud I am of Columbia, especially our students, as we discuss, debate and plan for this highly visible event.

I ask that each of us make special efforts to respect the different views people have about the event and to recognize the different ways it affects members of our community. For many reasons, this will demand the best of each of us to live up to the best of Columbia's traditions.

For the School of International and Public Affairs, which developed the idea for this forum as the commencement to a year-long examination of 30 years of the Islamic Republic in Iran, this is an important educational experience for training future leaders toconfront the world as it is -- a world that includes far too manybrutal, anti-democratic and repressive regimes. For the rest of us, this occasion is not only about the speaker but quite centrally about us -- about who we are as a nation and what universities can be in our society.

I would like just to repeat what I have said earlier: It is vitally important for a university to protect the right of our schools, our deans and our faculty to create programming for academic purposes. Necessarily, on occasion this will bring us into contact with beliefs many, most, or even all of us will find offensive and even odious.

But it should never be thought that merely to listen to ideas wedeplore in any way implies our endorsement of those ideas, or the weakness of our resolve to resist those ideas, or our naiveté about the very real dangers inherent in such ideas. It is a criticalpremise of freedom of speech that we do not honor the dishonorable when we open the public forum to their voices.

The great majority of student leaders with whom I met last week affirmed their belief that this event, however controversial, is consistent with the values of academic freedom we share at the center of university life. I fully support, indeed I celebrate, the right to peacefully demonstrate and engage in a dialogue about thisevent and this speaker, as I understand a wide coalition of ourstudent groups are planning for today. That such a forum and suchpublic criticism of President Ahmadinejad’s statements and policies could not safely take place on a university campus in Iran today sharpens the point of what we do here. The kind of freedom that will be on display at Columbia has always been and remains today our nation’s most potent weapon against repressive regimes everywhere in the world. This is the power and example of Americaat its best.

Sincerely,

Lee C. Bollinger

 

Old Article: Chinese Society Confronted with Climate Change

Just get the pdf version from China Perspecitve, things are moving very fast, and world has changed a lot since I wrote this article...

 

Chinese society confronted with climate change

 

HE GANG

 

At the moment when China signed the Kyoto Protocol at the United Nations on 29 May 1998 (ratification followed on 30 August 2002), most Chinese people knew hardly anything about climate change. Despite the proliferation of government environmental policies during the 1990s, Chinese society played little part in the initiatives for combating climate change. Nevertheless, as Pan Yue the Chinese Environment Minister has pointed out, “Without the participation of the public, there can be no protection of the environment.” Mobilising Chinese society to take an active part are all the more important since the fight against climate change will be fought on the terrain of energy economies: a warning given by the Prime Minister, Wen Jiabao, on the occasion of the opening session of the National People’s Congress in March 2007.

       As this article will show, the mobilisation of Chinese society in the battle against climate change is still limited; but since the start of the 2000s, with the backing of the media and the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), we have witnessed the launch of numerous initiatives from business circles, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and student associations. Up to now, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) provided for by the Kyoto Protocol has raised the greatest number of debates and initiatives in Chinese society, especially because China has been the greatest beneficiary among developing countries of the CDM financial transfers from rich countries. Chinese NGOs, with significant help from international communities, have launched several initiatives aimed at informing Chinese opinion and changing the patterns of individual behaviour in the usage of energy. Nevertheless, as we shall show in the concluding part of this article, there are still numerous obstacles preventing people from playing an active role in energy conservation.

        ......text omitted 5000 words

       If you need the full text, please email me. :)

 

没有本质区别

贱人总有鸟语，比方说和Troy、Sky同学悦时光苏打水的这句。谨以此文献给那些无论咖啡、啤酒、苏打水、口水，都会醉的爱和朋友～

 

走在城市的空气里，我总是会在某个地方触摸到你，感受到你的气息，于是方向对我来说才有意义。脱离了这些，城市与城市之间，对我来说，就像站在某个街角，看来去的蚂蚁，蚂蚁虽然不同，长得却是一样。而我只是其中一只而已。据说蚂蚁的眼睛看不见，嗅觉却很灵敏，它大致最了解城市中我们怎么来找寻彼此。

 

S说，在和不在一样。如果梦可以丈量思念的距离，那在这条通往圣山的路上，我愿长磕不起。冰川最了解天空的水分，就像火山最了解大地的温度，而长长的风，最了解冰与火，其实没有本质不同。

 

疯了也要忙，死了也不卖。民工说“NND的忙疯了”，都是劳碌命，NY和BJ没有本质区别，BL和DJ没有本质区别，民工和白领没有本质区别。我们真的有那么忙吗？我们是被忙给忙了。毅夫同学说，他这辈子最大的愿望就是倒在书桌上，我自然景仰，死也要死给忙看。

 

屋里巴西的那哥们问，ZG是社会主义还是资本主义，我反问，这有本质区别吗？这哥们噎了。李越同学早就说了，资本主义也好，社会主义也好，都是效率和公平的函数，历史证明两条曲线在向平滑的方向靠拢。

 

博客上的文字大抵是光鲜，而我的心情却总是起伏，经常的偶尔，我也BS自己，那么多龌龊的想法，这么多笨拙的动作。其实我眼见的也是尸横遍野，我只是让他看起来更像一座有墓碑的坟场，透过“平添的花环”，我们便能感到寂静中的阳光～

 

我其实也是在向未来讨美好的人，借着对自己一点鄙薄的自信和对未来一些坚定的信仰，在城市的空气中飘荡～如果时间像一射出去的箭，那么它没有射中爱情，却射中了我的心，让他体会到了爱情～生活就像拽这箭的手，而你在手心里。

 

鸟人总有贱语，跟，贱人总有鸟语，也没有本质区别。

 

中央公园

如果要找环境保护的经典故事，嗯，蒙特利尔自然是《蒙特利尔议定书》，谁说不是女娲不补天；温哥华是维多利亚布查特花园，爱与智慧花园改写财富欲望废弃的矿山；加利弗利亚是优胜美地国家公园，缪尔森林生长知识和爱留传奇；斯德哥尔摩是第一次人类环境会议，环境危机催生人类共同的未来现代环境运动发端；巴黎是地下水道，四通八达地下世界成就五光十色地上斑斓；柏林是绿带，一飘绿带永流传，不分东西。

纽约，大概是中央公园～

 

中央公园

万亩绿荫成青岛，千层清波隔热河。

楼映斜阳草偎影，树剪碧天云着色。

信步林中惊松鼠，闲坐湖畔忘忧乐。

规划城央空间曲，设计绿心开发歌。

 

“南起59街，北抵110街，东西两侧被著名的第五大道和中央公园西大道所围合，中央公园名副其实地坐落在纽约曼哈顿岛的中央。340公顷的宏大面积使她与自由女神、帝国大厦等同为纽约乃至美国的象征。”这个陈述之所以经典，是因为定位很清楚。

纽约中央公园(Central Park)是美国景观设计之父奥姆斯特德(Frederick Law Olmsted)(1822-1903)最著名的代表作，是美国乃至全世界最著名的城市公园，它的意义不仅在于它是全美第一个并且是最大的公园，还在于在其规划建设中，诞生了一个新的学科——景观设计学(Landscape Architecture)。

这种利用空间来改变城市的格局，通过房地产开发(市场力量)来进行整合资源，达到政府、开放商、居民和社会的共赢，应该也是环境保护和提高城市生活空间质量的很好案例。青岛、热河会个意。高楼围合，绿地舒展，清波荡漾，第三次过中央公园绕了北段，特记录之。